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G. C. WORTHINGTON.

. DUPLEX ENGINE.

No.-2 83,315. Patented Aug. 14, 1883.

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UNITED STATES CHARLES o. WORTHINGTON,

PATENT O FICE;

or rnvrneron, New YORK.

DUPLEX? ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 283,315, dated August 14, 1883.

Application filed March 3, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES G.WORTHING- TON, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Irvington, county of WVestchester, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Duplex Engines, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same. V

This invention relates to a direct acting pumping-engine of the general construction of that shown and described in United States Letters Patent No. 24,838, and known as the Worthington Duplex Pumping-Engine. In order to secure the successful operation of engines of this class, the two following conditions i must be maintained: First, a uniform or nearly uniform propulsive power must be maintained throughout the whole stroke of the engine,

and, second, the propulsive energy of the steam must be so divided that each side of the engine will develop one-half the total power. The first of these conditions is imposed by the fact that no balance-wheel is used, and as the load upon the pistons or plungers ofthe pumps is uniform, or nearly so, throughout theentire stroke, any considerable falling off in the 1 power applied to the'steam-pistons would result in slowing and finally stopping the engine before it had reached theend of its stroke.

The second condition is imposed by the 11ecessity of having the pistons or plungers of both the pumps of the samesize, which is necessary in orderto secure a steady and uniform discharge of water.

It is well known to those familiar with the science of steam-engineering that steam can be most economically used at a comparatively high pressure, and also that in order to utilize the largest proportion of the power generated it is necessary to use the steam expansively. This principle of using steamhas heretofore been applied to the class of engines to which the present invention relates in three ways: first, by providing each side of the engine with one high-pressure and one expanding cylinder, eachhigh-pressure cylinder receiving steam direct from the boiler; second, by providing one side of the engine with one high-pressure cylinder and the other side with one low-pressure cylinder, atank being interposed between the two, as described in United States Letters Patent N 0. 116,131; and, third, by providing one side of the engine with one high pressure and one expanding cylinder and the opposite side with one expanding lowpressure cylinder, as described in United States Letters Patent No. 251,730. In the first and second of these organizations the use of only.

two cylinders and the necessity of maintaining a uniform or nearly uniform propulslve power throughout the entire stroke rendered It is the object of the present invention to l produce an organization in which highZratios of expansion will be permissible without violating the conditions specified as to distribution and division of power, so that steam may be introduced at a comparativelyhigh initial pressure, and exhausted only after its expansiveenergy has been nearly or quite expended.

To this end the invention consists, broadly, in a duplex engine each side of which consists of a compound engine, one of said engines re ceiving the steam direct from the boiler, and the other receiving the steam from the exhaust of the first.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a-plan view,and Fig. 2 a side elevation, of an engine embodying the present invention.

Referring to said figures, it will be seen that 2 is the first or high-pressure cylinder, and 3 the expandingcylinder associated therewith to form one. side of the duplex engine. These cylinders are provided with the usual steamchests, 4 5, the valves of which may be operated by a single rod, 6, as shown, said rod being connected in any convenient manneras by the rock-shaft 7 and rock-arms 20 21with the piston-rod 22 of the opposite side of the engine. by a pipe, 8, through which the steam passes to the cylinder 3 after performing its work in the cylinder 2.

The operation of this side of the engine may The steam-chests 4 5 are connected.

be briefly stated as follows: The steam, being I admitted from the boiler through the pipe 9 to the cylinder 2, will be permitted to act upon the piston of said cylinder at its full pressure throughout the wholeor nearly the whole stroke. As this piston commences its returnstroke'the steam already in the cylinder will pass through the pipe 8 into the cylinder 3, where it will act expansively up on the piston in that cylinder, after which. it will pass out through the pipe 10 and enter the tank 11 ata reducedpressure. The cylinders 2 3 will be of such relative size that the steam acting upon the two pistons, as just described, will exert a nearly or quite uniform propulsive power throughout the entire length of the stroke. The tank 11, which is arranged as described in the Letters Patent before referredto, serves as a reservoir from which steam is drawn to operate the second side of the engine.

The second side of the engine, like the first, consists of two cylinders, 12 13, provided with the usual steam-chests, 14 15, the valves of which are operatedby a single rod, 16, through the rock-shaft 23 and rock-arms 24 25. from the piston-rod 26 of the first side of the engine. The steam from the tank passes to the cylinder 12 through the pipe 17, and is used I they will develop one-half the total power of the engine.

By employing compound cylinders upon both sides of the engine no difficulty is experienced in securing an exactly equal division of the total power between the two sides, while by driving one engine from the exhaust of the other the steam is used at least three times expansively-first in the cylinder 3, then in the cylinder 12, and last in the cylinder 13therebymaking it possible to receive the steam at a comparatively high initial pressure and finally exhaust it at a very low pressure, thus utilizing its expansive energy to a much greater degree than has heretofore been possible in this class of engines. By the i organization shown in the present case the gradual loss of power incident to high ratios of expansion is so divided'between the twofor the purpose of illustrating the principle ofv the invention.

In some cases it may be found desirable to employ more than two cylinders-upon each side of the engine. This can be done, if desired, Without departing from or losing the advantages of the invention.

Although, in the present case the two cylinders forming each side of the engine are arranged upon the same axial line, such an arrangement is not necessary. The well-known annular form, in which one cylinder surrounds the other, may be adopted, or the cylinders may be arranged in any other convenient or desirable position.

What I claim is-- "'1. The combination of two compound engines arranged to form the two sides of a duplex engine, one of said engines receiving its steam direct from the boiler, and the other receiving its steam from the exhaust of thefirst, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with two compound en gines arranged to form the two sides of a duplex engine, of a tank, as 11, arranged to re ceive the exhaust of one of said engines and supply the same to the other of said engines, substantially as described.

3. The combination,with two compound e11- gines, one of which receives the steam direct from the boiler and the other of which receives the steam from the exhaust of the first,

inlet and outlet valves of the other, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set CHAS. O. \VORTHINGTON.

\Vitnesses: Y

J AS. A. HOVEY, T. H. PALMER.

of means by which each engine actuates the IOO 

